Primary care organization is changing to improve the patient's care pathway and to cope with increasingly complex care requests. The multiple care and services required by multimorbid patients require multiple expertise and interprofessional coordination that coordinated practice could more easily provide. Despite the growth of these groups, there was still a lack of understanding of professionals’ motivation to set up in such groups and a lack of description about what was occurring in them.

To explore factors influencing the establishment of multi-professional groups, collaboration, and its durability over time.

Five qualitative studies involving semi-structured interviews and group interviews with health professionals working in multi-professional health offices were analysed using an open and inductive approach. Dynamics and types of work were compared and summarized. The results were displayed in a heuristic map.

Fifty-seven health professionals were interviewed in 57 individual interviews and 5 focus groups, covering 11 professions. The analysis of the 62 verbatims highlighted three main chronologically linked themes: the genesis of the multiprofessional group (levers and barriers to installation), the construction of the collaboration and its evolution (strengthening of the collaboration or shift towards colocation). Health professionals clarified the collaboration dynamics. They described their fears and motivations for installation, the elements influencing the transition from roommate to collaboration, and its durability over time.

The levers highlighted must be planned for and taught in order to support the development of groups in the field and lead to more general collaborative work in primary care.