Risk factors for Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) virus exposure in farming communities in Uganda - 29/11/22
Highlights |
• | Risk factors for zoonotic transmission of Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic fever Virus (CCHFV) among livestock farming communities in Uganda. |
• | Extremely high CCHFV seroprevalence was detected in humans and domestic animals in Uganda |
• | The burden of CCHFV infection and risk factors has to date been underestimated in Uganda. |
• | Detection of CCHV in multiple pools of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus suggest these ticks to be the likely vectors for CCHFV in Uganda |
• | CCHFV risk in humans were associated with livestock rearing, age and collecting/ eating ticks |
• | Further work is indicated to estimate the incidence of CCHFV infection as a cause of non-malarial fever |
Abstract |
Background |
Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is an emerging human-health threat causing sporadic outbreaks in livestock farming communities. However, the full extent and the risks associated with exposure of such communities has not previously been well-described.
Methods |
We collected blood samples from 800 humans, 666 cattle, 549 goats and 32 dogs in districts within and outside Ugandan cattle corridor in a cross-sectional survey, and tested for CCHFV-specific IgG antibodies using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays. Sociodemographic and epidemiological data were recorded using structured questionnaire. Ticks were collected to identify circulating nairoviruses by metagenomic sequencing.
Results |
CCHFV seropositivity was in 221/800 (27·6%) in humans, 612/666 (91·8%) in cattle, 413/549 (75·2%) in goats and 18/32 (56·2%) in dogs. Human seropositivity was associated with livestock farming (AOR=5·68, p<0·0001), age (AOR=2·99, p=0·002) and collecting/eating engorged ticks (AOR=2·13, p=0·004). In animals, seropositivity was higher in cattle versus goats (AOR=2·58, p<0·0001), female sex (AOR=2·13, p=0·002) and heavy tick infestation (>50 ticks: AOR=3·52, p=0·004). CCHFV was identified in multiple tick pools of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus.
Interpretation |
The very high CCHF seropositivity especially among livestock farmers and multiple regional risk factors associated exposures, including collecting/eating engorged ticks previously unrecognised, highlights need for further surveillance and sensitisation and control policies against the disease.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Keywords : Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic fever virus, CCHF antibodies, tick-borne viral infections, emerging and re-emerging infections, zoonotic disease, CCHF seroprevalence, CCHF risk factors, tick-borne arbovirus, CCHF, Viral Haemorrhagic Fever, Uganda
Plan
Vol 85 - N° 6
P. 693-701 - décembre 2022 Retour au numéro
Article précédent
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