The 2021 Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) report recommends 2 treatment tracks depending on choice of reliever therapy: either inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)/formoterol, or short-acting β2-agonist (SABA) with ICS to be used whenever a SABA is taken.

The Asthma Patients' and Physicians’ Perspectives on the Burden and Management of Asthma (APPaRENT) 2 study aimed to understand current real-world treatment approaches and their alignment with GINA recommendations.

Patients and physicians were recruited for the online survey from online panels from August–November 2021. Inclusion criteria: adults, physician diagnosis of asthma, ≥6 months prescribed inhaler use (patients); primary care, ≥4 patients with asthma per month, ≥3 years clinical practice (physicians).

1650 patients and 1080 physicians were included. For patients with moderate to severe asthma, physicians prescribed proactive regular dosing (PRD) with ICS/long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) combination with (47%) or without (15%) SABA as initial therapy. Most pulmonologists (75%) and general practitioners (57%) selected a PRD approach. The majority of patients, 85% (79–91%), considered to be using maintenance and reliever therapy (MART), were also prescribed non-ICS rescue inhaler.

Physicians preferred a preventive regular dosing approach to achieve symptom control for patients with moderate to severe asthma, which is more aligned with GINA 2021 Track 2 recommendations than Track 1. Many patients on MART request additional rescue inhalers, suggesting that MART is being misapplied in most instances and that patients may perceive their asthma as inadequately controlled with MART therapy.