The Prevalence and Characteristics of Phantom Limb Pain and Non-Painful Phantom Phenomena in a Nationwide Survey of 3,374 Unilateral Limb Amputees - 08/03/22
, Bertram Krumm ‡, Xaver Fuchs ⁎, §, Robin Bekrater-Bodmann *, Christopher Milde ⁎, ║, Jörg Trojan *, Jens Foell ⁎, ¶, Susanne Becker ⁎, #, Gerhard Rümenapf ⁎⁎, Herta Flor ⁎, ††Highlights |
• | Investigation of painful and non-painful phantom phenomena in 3,374 unilateral limb amputees |
• | Clinical and demographic variables explained 10.6% of the variance of phantom limb pain |
• | Perceptual variables explained 16.9% of the variance of phantom limb pain |
• | These variables were specific for phantom limb pain and not for residual limb pain |
Abstract |
The experience of phantom limb pain (PLP) is a common consequence of limb amputation, resulting in severe impairments of the affected person. Previous studies have shown that several factors such as age at or site of amputation are associated with the emergence and maintenance of PLP. In this cross-sectional study we assessed the presence of several phantom phenomena including PLP and other amputation-related information in a sample of 3,374 unilateral upper and lower limb amputees. Clinical and demographic variables (age at amputation, level of amputation) explained 10.6% of the variance in PLP and perceptual variables (intensity of phantom limb sensation [PLS], referred sensations, intensity of telescoping, residual limb pain [RLP] intensity) explained 16.9% of the variance. These variables were specific for PLP and not for RLP. These results suggest that distinct variables are associated with PLP (age at amputation, level of amputation, PLS intensity, referred sensations, intensity of telescoping, RLP intensity) and RLP (PLP intensity) and point at partly different mechanisms for the emergence and maintenance of PLP and RLP.
Perspective |
Clinical/demographic variables as well as perceptual variables are 2 major components related to PLP and explain ∼11% and ∼17% of the variance. These results could potentially help clinicians to understand which factors may contribute to chronic phantom limb pain.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Keywords : Amputation, phantom limb pain, residual limb pain, phantom limb sensations, telescope
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| Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the material discussed in the manuscript. The authors declare there was no previous presentation of the research, manuscript, or abstract. Authorship has been granted only to those individuals who have contributed substantially to the manuscript. |
Vol 23 - N° 3
P. 411-423 - mars 2022 Retour au numéro
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