Short-term effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in immunocompromised patients: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis - 02/03/22
, Takaaki Kobayashi a, Hiroyuki Suzuki a, c, Mohammed Alsuhaibani a, d, Bruna Marques Tofaneto e, Luigi Makowski Bariani e, Mariana de Amorim Auler e, Jorge L. Salinas f, Michael B. Edmond g, Michelle Doll h, José Mauro Kutner i, João Renato Rebello Pinho j, Luiz Vicente Rizzo b, João Luiz Miraglia k, Marin L. Schweizer a, c
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Highlights |
• | We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of 33 observational studies. |
• | All COVID-19 vaccine studies compared immunocompromised patients vs. control group. |
• | Outcome suggests the effectiveness of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. |
• | Serological response was significantly high in the control group. |
Summary |
Objectives |
We aimed to assess the short-term effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines among immunocompromised patients to prevent laboratory-confirmed symptomatic COVID-19 infection.
Methods |
Systematic review and meta-analysis. We calculated the pooled diagnostic odds ratio [DOR] (95% CI) for COVID-19 infection between immunocompromised patients and healthy people or those with stable chronic medical conditions. VE was estimated as 100% x (1-DOR). We also investigated the rates of developing anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein IgG between the 2 groups.
Results |
Twenty studies evaluating COVID-19 vaccine response, and four studies evaluating VE were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled DOR for symptomatic COVID-19 infection in immunocompromised patients was 0.296 (95% CI: 0.108–0.811) with an estimated VE of 70.4% (95% CI: 18.9%- 89.2%). When stratified by diagnosis, IgG antibody levels were much higher in the control group compared to immunocompromised patients with solid organ transplant (pOR 232.3; 95% Cl: 66.98–806.03), malignant diseases (pOR 42.0, 95% Cl: 11.68–151.03), and inflammatory rheumatic diseases (pOR 19.06; 95% Cl: 5.00–72.62).
Conclusions |
We found COVID-19 mRNA vaccines were effective against symptomatic COVID-19 among the immunocompromised patients but had lower VE compared to the controls. Further research is needed to understand the discordance between antibody production and protection against symptomatic COVID-19 infection.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Graphical abstract |
Keywords : COVID-19 vaccine, Effectiveness, Immunocompromised patients, Meta-analysis
Plan
Vol 84 - N° 3
P. 297-310 - mars 2022 Retour au numéro
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