Vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19 hospitalization in adults in France: A test negative case control study - 26/01/22

Doi : 10.1016/j.idnow.2021.12.002

Liem Binh Luong Nguyen ^a,^⁎ , Rebecca Bauer ^b, Zineb Lesieur ^c, Florence Galtier ^d, Xavier Duval ^e, Philippe Vanhems ^f, Fabrice Lainé ^g, Pierre Tattevin ^h, Christine Durier ^b, Odile Launay ^a,^c
for the
FLUVAC Study group^¹
FLUVA Study group. Includes: Inserm, CIC 1417: LB. Luong Nguyen, S.M. Keita, R. Kafi, M. Zerrouki, J. Dira, AS. L’Honneur; Inserm, US19: R. Bauer, A. Arulananthan, V. Foubert, Y. Saidi, C. Durier, L. Meyer; Inserm, CIC 1411: Montpellier: C. Merle, P. Geraud, H. Chevassus, E. Nyiramigisha, Vincent. Foulongne, AM. Mondain, J. Fontanille V. Maugueret, M. Ray, F. Letois, T. Mura, A. Bourdin, A. Konaté, X. Capdevilla, G. Du Cailar, A. Terminet, H. Blain, MS Leglise, A. Le Quellec, P. Corne, L. Landreau, K. Klouche, A. Bourgeois, M. Sebbane, G. Mourad, H. Leray, M. Maarouf; Inserm CIC1425: X. Duval, Y. Costa de Beauregard, N. Houhou; Hospices Civils de Lyon: B. Robin, S. Amour, C. Del-Signore, B. Lina; Hôpital Pontchaillou, Rennes: L. Gallais, B. Lefeuvre, G. lagathu, F Lainé, P Tattevin.
^a Inserm, CIC 1417, Hôpital Cochin, AP–HP, Paris, France
^b Inserm, US19, Villejuif, France
^c Inserm, F-CRIN I-REIVAC, Paris, France
^d Inserm, CIC 1411, CHU de Montpellier, Saint-Éloi Hospital, Montpellier, France
^e Inserm, CIC 1425, AP–HP, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
^f Service d’hygiène, épidémiologie, infectiovigilance et prévention, hospices civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
^g Inserm CIC 1414, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France
^h Services de maladies infectieuses et réanimation médicale, hôpital Pontchaillou, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France

^⁎Corresponding author.

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Highlights

•	We present COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against severe forms in France using a test negative design.
•	COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against hospitalization from January to June 2021 was 96.2%.
•	All breakthrough infections occurred in immunocompromised patients.

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Abstract

Background

Measuring vaccine effectiveness (VE) using real-life data is critical to confirm the effectiveness of licensed vaccine, which could strengthen vaccination adherence.

Methods

We measured VE against adult COVID-19 hospitalization in five hospitals in France using a test negative design. We compared the odds of vaccinated patients hospitalized with COVID-19 with the odds of vaccinated patients hospitalized for the same symptoms with a negative test.

Results

A total of 853 patients (463 cases and 390 controls) were included, with a total of 170 patients vaccinated (104 with one dose, 65 with two doses, and one with three doses). There were four cases of breakthrough infections, all in immunocompromised patients. The VE was 84.0% (CI_0.95=[72.6; 90.6]) for one dose and 96.2% (CI_0.95=[86.8; 98.9]) for two doses.

Conclusion

Our results confirm the high VE of COVID-19 vaccine in France to prevent hospitalizations due to the alpha variant.

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Keywords : COVID-19, Vaccine, France, Vaccine effectiveness, Alpha variant

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Vol 52 - N° 1

P. 40-43 - février 2022 Retour au numéro

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Vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19 hospitalization in adults in France: A test negative case control study - 26/01/22

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