Anticytokine autoantibodies: Autoimmunity trespassing on antimicrobial immunity - 05/01/22

Doi : 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.11.016

Aristine Cheng, MD ^a,^b, Steven M. Holland, MD ^a,^⁎
^a Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
^b Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan

^∗Corresponding author: Steven M. Holland, MD, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 11N248A, MSC 1960, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892-1960.National Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesNational Institutes of HealthBuilding 10Room 11N248AMSC 19609000 Rockville PikeBethesdaMD20892-1960

Abstract

Anticytokine autoantibodies can cause immunodeficiency or dysregulate immune responses. They may phenocopy genetically defined primary immunodeficiencies. We review current anti–type 1 and anti–type 2 interferon; anti–IL-12/23, anti–IL-17, and anti–GM-CSF autoantibodies; HLA associations; disease associations; and mechanistically based treatment options. Suspecting the presence of these autoantibodies in patients and identifying them at the onset of symptoms should ameliorate disease and improve outcomes.

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Key words : Anticytokine autoantibodies, anti–IFN-γ, anti-IFN-alpha, anti–IL-23, anti–IL-12, anti–IL-17, anti–CM-CSF, opportunistic infections, adult-onset immunodeficiency, protein alveolar proteinosis, chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis

Abbreviations used : ACAA, aPAP, APECED, CMC, COVID-19, STAT

Plan

Anti–IFN-γ autoantibodies

Anti–IL-12 and Anti–IL-23 autoantibodies

Anti–GM-CSF autoantibodies

Anti–IL-17 autoantibodies

Anti–type I interferon autoantibodies

Conclusions

	Supported with funds from the Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.
	Disclosure of potential conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no relevant conflicts of interest.