Overview of Allergy and Anaphylaxis - 12/11/21

Doi : 10.1016/j.emc.2021.08.007

Timothy E. Dribin, MD ^a, Megan S. Motosue, MD ^b,^c, Ronna L. Campbell, MD, PhD ^d,^⁎
^a Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 2008, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039, USA
^b Department of Allergy and Immunology, University of Hawaii, Kaiser Honolulu Clinic, 1010 Pensacola Street, Honolulu, HI 96814, USA
^c Department of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Kaiser Honolulu Clinic, 1010 Pensacola Street, Honolulu, HI 96814, USA
^d Department of Emergency Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street Southwest, Generose Building G-410, Rochester, MN, USA

^∗Corresponding author.

Résumé

Allergic reactions and anaphylaxis occur on a severity continuum from mild and self-limited to potentially life-threatening or fatal reactions. Anaphylaxis is typically a multiorgan phenomenon involving a broad range of effector cells and mediators. Emergency department visits for anaphylaxis are increasing, especially among children. There is a broad differential diagnosis for anaphylaxis, and the diagnosis of anaphylaxis can be aided by the use of the National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Disease/Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Network clinical diagnostic criteria. Risk factors for severe anaphylaxis include older age, delayed epinephrine administration, and cardiopulmonary comorbidities.

Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.

Keywords : Anaphylaxis, Epinephrine, Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Risk factors