Cutaneous Pathology of COVID-19 as a Window into Immunologic Mechanisms of Disease - 21/09/21

Doi : 10.1016/j.det.2021.05.008

Antonia E. Gallman, PhD ^a,^b, Marlys S. Fassett, MD, PhD ^a,^c,^⁎
^a Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
^b Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, Room HSE1001A, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
^c Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, Room HSE1001E, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA

^∗Corresponding author. 513 Parnassus Avenue, Room HSE1001E, San Francisco, CA 94143.513 Parnassus AvenueRoom HSE1001ESan FranciscoCA94143

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Résumé

Many skin manifestations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection reflect activation of cutaneous and systemic immune responses involving effector pathways of both the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system. This article reviews evidence from the recent clinical and scientific literature that informs the current understanding of the consequences of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)–induced immune cell activation, as relevant to dermatology. Topics include the clinical consequences of autoantibody production in patients with COVID-19, immunologic evidence for chilblains as a manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and the relationship between type I interferons and COVID-19 disease severity.

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Keywords : COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Immunology, Autoantibody, Type I interferon, Chilblains, Livedo

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Key points

Introduction

Evidence of Intravascular Complement Activation in the Presence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 Proteins Highlights Contributions of Innate Immunity to Coronavirus Disease 2019–Associated Skin Conditions

Humoral Immune Responses

Chilblains as a Cutaneous Manifestation of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2

Type I Interferon Is Central to Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pathology

Coronavirus Disease 2019 Longhaulers

Summary

Clinics care points

Disclosure: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

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Vol 39 - N° 4

P. 533-543 - octobre 2021 Retour au numéro

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Cutaneous Pathology of COVID-19 as a Window into Immunologic Mechanisms of Disease - 21/09/21

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