Early symptomatic neurosyphilis and ocular syphilis: A comparative study between HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients - 08/05/21
, J. Gueudry b, C. Chapuzet a, B. Bodaghi c, M. Muraine b, R. Tubiana d, e, L. Paris f, M. Pestel-Caron g, F. Caron a, E. Caumes e, d, hBienvenue sur EM-consulte, la référence des professionnels de santé.
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| Iconographies | 2 |
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Highlights |
• | HIV infected patients are more often younger, MSM and with a history of syphilis than HIV negative patients. |
• | HIV impacts the presentation of ophthalmic syphilis with more bilateral involvement. |
• | HIV infection does not impact the outcome of neurosyphilis or ophthalmic syphilis. |
• | Clinical sequelae are observed in nearly 20% of the cases. |
Abstract |
Objectives |
Since the 2000s, there has been an increase in prevalence of neurosyphilis (NS) and ocular syphilis (OS). As data about symptomatic NS/OS is limited, this study aims to assess the characteristics of symptomatic NS/OS, according to HIV status.
Methods |
We compared the clinical and biological presentation of early symptomatic NS/OS and its outcome in HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients.
Results |
Ninety-six patients (93% men, 49% HIV-positive) were included from 2000 to 2016 in two centers, with 67 (69%) having OS, 15 (16%) NS, and 14 (14%) both. HIV-positive patients were younger (P=0.006) and more likely to be males having sex with males (P=0.00048) or to have a history of syphilis (P=0.01). Among 81 OS, there were 43 posterior uveitis (57%), and bilateral involvement was more common in HIV-positive patients (62% versus 38%, P=0.045). Among 29 NS there were 21 cases of cranial nerve involvement (72%), seven meningitis (24%) and 11 paresthesia (38%). Involvement of the VIIIth cranial nerve was the most common (16 cases). Treponemal tests were more commonly found positive in cerebrospinal fluid in HIV-positive patients (88% versus 76%, P=0.04). Visual acuity (VA) always improved after treatment (initial VA logMAR 0.8±0.8 versus 0.1±0.1 at 3 months), but 32% and 18% of the patients still had neurological or ocular impairment respectively six and 12 months after treatment. Non-treponemal serological reversion was observed in 43/50 patients (88%) at six months.
Conclusion |
HIV infection has no consequence on the outcome of NS and OS. Sequelae are common, emphasizing the importance of prevention, and screening, and questioning enhanced treatment.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Keywords : HIV, Syphilis, Neurosyphilis, Ocular syphilis
Plan
| ☆ | Presented orally at the JNI (Journées nationales de l’infectiologie 2019). |
Vol 51 - N° 4
P. 351-356 - juin 2021 Retour au numéro
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