^a Consultant in Anaesthesia & Intensive Care Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, UK 

^b Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy 

^c Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, San Martino Policlinico Hospital, IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, Genoa, Italy 

^d Department of Intensive Care & Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology (LEICA), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location 'AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands 

^e Mahidol–Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand 

^f Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK 

^g Branch Science, Medical School, Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States 

^h Global Tracheostomy Collaborative, Raleigh, NC, United States 

ⁱ Honorary Senior Lecturer, Manchester Academic Critical Care, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, the University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, UK 

^j National Clinical Advisor for Tracheostomy NHS England, UK 

^k Chair, UK National Tracheostomy Safety Project, UK