Differential immune activation profile of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV infection in human lung and intestinal cells: Implications for treatment with IFN-? and IFN inducer - 22/09/20
Highlights |
• | SARS-CoV-2 infection was more robust than SARS-CoV in Calu3. In contrast, SARS-CoV infected intestinal epithelial cells more efficiently. |
• | SARS-CoV-2 infection launched an attenuated interferon and pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines response in both Calu3 and Caco2 cells, despite robust virus infection and propagation. |
• | SARS-CoV-2 was more sensitive to IFNβ and poly(I:C) pretreatment than that of SARS-CoV. |
Summary |
Objectives |
Respiratory and intestinal tract are two primary target organs of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, detailed characterization of the host-virus interplay in infected human lung and intestinal epithelial cells is lacking.
Methods |
We utilized immunofluorescence assays, flow cytometry, and RT-qPCR to delineate the virological features and the innate immune response of the host cells against SARS-CoV-2 infection in two prototype human cell lines representing the human lung (Calu3) and intestinal (Caco2) epithelium when compared with SARS-CoV.
Results |
Lung epithelial cells were significantly more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 compared to SARS-CoV. However, SARS-CoV-2 infection induced an attenuated pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines induction and type I and type II IFN responses. A single dose of 10 U/mL interferon-β (IFNβ) pretreatment potently protected both Calu3 and Caco2 against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Interestingly, SARS-CoV-2 was more sensitive to the pretreatment with IFNβ and IFN inducer than SARS-CoV in Calu3.
Conclusions |
Despite robust infection in both human lung and intestinal epithelial cells, SARS-CoV-2 could attenuate the virus-induced pro-inflammatory response and IFN response. Pre-activation of the type I IFN signaling pathway primed a highly efficient antiviral response in the host against SARS-CoV-2 infection, which could serve as a potential therapeutic and prophylactic maneuver to COVID-19 patients.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Key words : SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Innate immune response, IFN
Plan
Vol 81 - N° 4
P. e1-e10 - octobre 2020 Retour au numéroBienvenue sur EM-consulte, la référence des professionnels de santé.