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Protective effects of Cordyceps extract against UVB‑induced damage and prediction of application prospects in the topical administration: An experimental validation and network pharmacology study - 30/11/19

Doi : 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109600 
Hailun He a, b, c, Jie Tang a, b, Dai Ru a, b, c, Xionghong Shu a, b, Wenjia Li d, Jing Li d, Lianzheng Ma d, Xuefeng Hu d, Lidan Xiong a, b, , Li Li a, b, c,
a Cosmetics Safety and Efficacy Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 5, Gong Xing Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China 
b Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Cosmetic, No. 5, Gong Xing Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China 
c Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China 
d Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sunshine Lake Pharma Co., LTD, Dongguan, Guangdong 523850, PR China 

Corresponding authors at: Cosmetics Safety and Efficacy Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 5, Gong Xing Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China.Cosmetics Safety and Efficacy Evaluation CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityNo. 5, Gong Xing RoadChengduSichuan610041PR China

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Highlights

Action spectra for sunburn and the metabolic of vitamin D or steroidogenesis overlap considerably in UVB region.
A reasonable therapeutic regime is advocated to reduce UVB injuries but makes use of synthesizing sunlight metabolite.
Cordyceps extract performed antioxidative and anti-DNA damage effect on UVB-induced damage.
Cordyceps extract inhibited UVB-induced down-regulation H2O2 levels via AQP3.
Cordyceps extract may be an optimal product for topical use which involves skin metabolic without UVB-induced damage.

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Abstract

Ethnopharmacological relevance

UVB is a high energy source that causes the major risk factor for sunburn and skin tumor. However, photochemical interactions lead to beneficial effects such as synthesis of vitamin D and corticosteroids. Therefore, a reasonable therapeutic regime is advocated to reduce UVB injuries but makes use of synthesizing sunlight metabolite. Many natural compounds improving plant cells resistant to oxidative stress by the harnessing of solar energy may be also used to protect human cells. Although many nature plants have shown photoprotective effects on skin, the mechanisms underlying of the effects are still ambiguous.

Aim of the study

This study evaluates the protective effects of cultivated Cordyceps against UVB-induced damage in human keratinocytes and identifies the photoprotective mechanisms using a transcriptomic network approach.

Materials and Methods

Cordyceps extract compositions were investigated by HPLC analysis. Cell survival, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, H2O2 content, aquaporin 3 (AQP3) level and DNA damage were determined upon UVB irradiation in the presence of Cordyceps extract. In addition, next-generation sequencing was used to profile transcriptomic alteration of 20 mJ/cm2 UVB and non-UV. Finally, a network pharmacology method was applied to study Cordyceps extract-related natural compounds and their UVB-induced differentially change targets using the Cytoscape 3.7.1 software.

Results

Adenosine and mannitol were the major contents in Cordyceps extract. Cordyceps caused a significant diminished in intracellular UVB-induced oxidative stress, including ROS production and intracellular H2O2 content. Besides, AQP3 which mediated intracellular signal transmission and transported H2O2 into cells was significantly increased in the presence of Cordyceps extract against UVB irradiation. In addition, DNA repair effect of Cordyceps extract after UV irradiation was proven to be effective by comet assay. Moreover, KEGG analysis showed steroid hormone biosynthesis, ovarian steroidogenesis, fat digestion and absorption were enriched in top 3 between 20 mJ/cm2 UVB and non-UV. Gene ontology (Go) analysis showed that steroid metabolic process, sterol metabolic process, and cholesterol metabolic process were enriched in top3 biology process. By using network analysis, 125 potential bioactive ingredients in Cordyceps and 201 targets were identified. Finally, signal pathway analyses suggested that the protective effects of Cordyceps compounds against low dose UVB‑induced changes might target PPAR signaling pathway, cholesterol metabolism, and ovarian steroidogenesis.

Conclusion

Cordyceps extract may be an ideal product for external use of skin which could not only avoid UVB-induced adverse effects, but also could application of metabolite products by UVB such us steroid hormone and vitamin D3.

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Abbreviations : HaCaT, CCK-8, ROS, H2O2, NADPH, AQP3, PPARs, POMC

Keywords : Cordyceps extract, UVB, ROS, DNA damage, Transcriptomic network


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