Prehospital non-invasive ventilation in acute respiratory failure is justified even if the distance to hospital is short - 24/03/19
, Mike Sebastian Strunden, MD b, 1 , Sascha Tank, MD b , Nina Gagelmann b , Sebastian Wirtz, MD c , Thoralf Kerner, MD, PhD b Abstract |
Aims |
Evaluation of the efficacy of prehospital non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cardiogenic pulmonary edema (CPE).
Material and methods |
Consecutive patients who were prehospitally treated by Emergency Physicians using NIV were prospectively included. A step-by-step approach escalating NIV-application from continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) to continuous positive airway pressure supplemented by pressure support (CPAP-ASB) and finally bilevel inspiratory positive airway pressure (BIPAP) was used. Patients were divided into two groups according to the prehospital NIV-treatment-time (NIV-group 1: ≤15 min, NIV-group 2: >15 min). In addition, a historic control group undergoing standard care was created. Endpoints were heart rate, peripheral oxygen saturation, breathing rate, systolic blood pressure, and a dyspnea score.
Results |
A total of 99 patients were analyzed (NIV-group 1: n = 41, NIV-group 2: n = 58). The control group consisted of 30 patients. The majority of NIV-patients (90%) received CPAP-ASB, while CPAP without ASB was conducted in 8% and BIPAP-ventilation in 2% of all cases. Technical application of NIV lasted 6.1 ± 3.8 min. NIV-treatment-time was as follows: NIV-group 1: 13.1 ± 3.2 min, NIV-group 2: 22.8 ± 5.9 min. Differences between baseline- and hospital admission values of all endpoints showed significantly better improvement in NIV-groups compared to the control group (p < 0.001). The stabilizing effect of NIV in terms of vital parameters was comparable between both NIV-groups, independent of the duration of treatment (n.s.).
Conclusion |
Prehospital NIV-treatment should be performed in patients with COPD-exacerbation and CPE, even if the distance between emergency scene and hospital is short.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Keywords : Acute respiratory failure, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Cardiogenic pulmonary edema, Non-invasive ventilation, Prehospital care
Plan
Vol 37 - N° 4
P. 651-656 - avril 2019 Retour au numéro
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