Although once considered a single disease entity, asthma is now known to be a complex inflammatory disease engaging a range of causal pathways. The most frequent forms of asthma are identified by sputum/blood eosinophilia and activation of type 2 inflammatory pathways involving interleukins-3, -4, -5, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. The use of diagnostics that identify T2 engagement linked to the selective use of highly targeted biologics has opened up a new way of managing severe disease. Novel technologies, such as wearables and intelligent inhalers, enable real-time remote monitoring of asthma, creating a unique opportunity for personalized health care.