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Association between lifestyle risk factors and incident hypertension among middle-aged and older Australians - 05/07/18

Doi : 10.1016/j.respe.2018.05.069 
B. Nguyen , A. Bauman, M. Ding
 Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia 

Corresponding author.

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Résumé

Background

Few studies have examined the combined influence of modifiable lifestyle risk factors on the development of hypertension. The objectives of this study were to examine the association between individual and combined lifestyle risk factors and the incidence of hypertension (1) in middle-aged and older Australians, and (2) to compare findings in men and women.

Methods

A sample of 32,393 adults aged45 years from New South Wales, Australia, completed baseline (2006–2008) and follow-up (2010) questionnaires. Incident hypertension, based on self-reported data, was defined as not having physician-diagnosed hypertension nor taking antihypertensive medications at baseline and reporting a diagnosis of hypertension at follow-up. High-risk categories for six lifestyle risk factors were defined as follows: a body mass index25kg/m2, engaging in physical activity<150minutes/week, consuming14 alcohol drinks/week, being a current smoker, consuming<2 fruit and<3 vegetables/day, and being at high risk of psychological distress (based on K10 score). The association between baseline lifestyle risk factors and the incidence of hypertension was examined using logistic regression models in the overall sample, and separately in men and women. Covariates included sociodemographic characteristics, medical and lifestyle risk factors. In analyses involving only women, additional covariates relating to medical and reproductive history were included.

Results

After a mean 2.7 (standard deviation: 0.9) years of follow-up, 16.9% developed hypertension. Compared to low-risk categories at baseline, high-risk categories for body mass index (adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals: 1.98 [1.85, 2.13]), physical activity (1.15 [1.06, 1.26]) and alcohol intake (1.59 [1.45, 1.74]) were significantly associated with a higher incidence of hypertension in the overall sample, even after adjustment for covariates. Similar associations between individual lifestyle risk factors and incident hypertension were observed in separate analyses conducted in men and women. Compared with participants without any high-risk factors, having an increasing number of high-risk lifestyle factors was associated with increased odds of developing hypertension in both the overall sample and in men (all P<0.01). However, in women, only those with3 combined lifestyle risk factors compared with zero had significantly higher odds of incident hypertension (P=0.002).

Conclusions

A high-risk lifestyle is associated with incident hypertension. Although potential differences between men and women require further investigation, adopting a low-risk lifestyle may be beneficial in the prevention of hypertension among middle-aged and older Australians.

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© 2018  Publié par Elsevier Masson SAS.
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Vol 66 - N° S5

P. S260-S261 - juillet 2018 Retour au numéro
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