High intensity focused ultrasound: The fundamentals, clinical applications and research trends - 07/06/18

Doi : 10.1016/j.diii.2018.03.001

I.A. Shehata Elhelf ^a,^b,^⁎ , H. Albahar ^c, U. Shah ^d, A. Oto ^e, E. Cressman ^f, M. Almekkawy ^c
^a Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
^b Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
^c Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
^d Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
^e Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
^f Department of Diagnostic Radiology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA

^⁎Corresponding author. Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Dr, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Dr, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.

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Abstract

Diagnostic ultrasound has been clinically used for decades. More recently, high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has been developed for therapeutic use as a non-invasive technique for tissue ablation. HIFU is also being investigated for advanced applications at the cellular level. Under guidance by magnetic resonance or ultrasound imaging, HIFU can achieve precise biological effects in tissue with a high safety profile. In this article, we discuss the basic principles, advantages and limitations of HIFU. We will also address the food and drug administration (FDA) approved clinical applications in the United States and highlight active HIFU research with promising clinical outcomes.

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Keywords : High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), Thermal ablation, Interventional oncology, Immunomodulation, Temperature sensitive liposomes