Three decades of neonatal vaccination has greatly reduced antenatal prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among gravidae covered by the program - 02/06/18
, Daljit S. Sahota a, Paul K.S. Chan bHighlights |
• | Overall antenatal HBV carrier rate decreased from 10.5% in 1997 to 6.5% in 2015. |
• | HBV carrier rate was 8.8% for gravidae born before any vaccination in infancy. |
• | The rate was 7.0% among gravidae born when at-risk infants were vaccinated at birth. |
• | The rate became 3.1% among gravidae covered by universal neonatal vaccination. |
• | Universal vaccination resulted in consistently reduced antenatal HBV carrier rate. |
Summary |
Objectives |
To evaluate the impact of three decades of hepatitis B vaccination in infancy on antenatal prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriage in 93,134 Hong-Kong born gravidae managed in 1997–2015.
Methods |
Annual prevalence of HBsAg carriage on routine antenatal screening was examined with respect to maternal year of birth in three periods i.e. pre-1983 (before availability of vaccination), 1983–1988 (vaccination of infants born to HBsAg-carriers), and after 1988 (universal vaccination).
Results |
Overall HBsAg carriage was 8.3% (7737/93,134), decreasing from 10.5% in 1997 to 6.5% in 2015 (p < 0.001), and from 8.8%, 7.0% to 3.1%, respectively, for the three period-of-birth cohorts (p < 0.001). Annual prevalence decreased from 9.9% in 1997 to 7.5% in 2015 (p < 0.001) in the pre-1983 cohort, but showed neither difference nor trend in the other two cohorts. However, the annual prevalence showed significantly falling trends from the pre-1983 to the post-1988 cohorts for the years 2007–2008 and 2010–2015.
Conclusions |
A progressive decline in overall annual prevalence of antenatal HBsAg carriage was found, with a consistently significant decline among the three cohorts for the years 2007–2008 and 2010–2015, providing evidence that universal hepatitis B vaccination in infancy has reduced significantly antenatal prevalence of HBsAg carriage in Hong Kong.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Keywords : Antenatal screening, Hepatitis B surface antigen, Hepatitis B vaccination in infancy, Pregnancy, Prevalence
Plan
Vol 76 - N° 6
P. 543-549 - juin 2018 Retour au numéro
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