Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), because of its common occurrence in Indian population is known as India's disease. Regardless of diagnostic and therapeutic developments, oral potentially malignant disorders (PMD) and cancers are disseminating at a distressing rate. There is this prerequisite for unrelenting determination to find out apt treatment options so that malignant transformation may be prevented and more so the prevailing morbidity and mortality. Considering the frequency with which oral submucous fibrosis undergoes malignant transformation with free radicals playing a major part, the role of antioxidants in general and thioctic acid also known as alpha lipoic acid (ALA) in particular need to be studied in these individuals. Previous few studies indicated the use of alpha lipoic acid in oral submucous fibrosis patients leading to improvement in signs and symptoms. So, it led us to set forth and propose probable role of thioctic acid in improving symptoms in these patients. As oral submucous fibrosis poses as a threat with its various signs and symptoms and as a potentially malignant disorder as well as considering the role of free radicals in malignant transformation, we proposed the possible mechanisms behind the commonest signs and symptoms in oral submucous fibrosis and role of alpha lipoic acid in managing these signs and symptoms.