Traumatic vascular injuries are infrequent but can be devastating. This study characterized their incidence and the need for vascular surgeons in their repair. Outcomes for patients repaired by vascular and trauma surgeons were compared.

Patients age ≥14, needing operations for acute traumatic vascular injuries from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2013 were included.

Of the 27,224 adult trauma patients, 1.4% had vascular injuries needing operations. Trauma surgeons treated 40% of them. The need for repair by vascular surgeons varied based on mechanism, transfer status, injury location, time of injury, trauma staff practice, and experience (P < .05). Patients repaired by vascular surgeons had more transfusions, longer arrival-to-operation time, surgery duration, hospital stay but lower mortality (P < .05). This mortality difference dissipated after excluding early deaths.

Approximately 3% of trauma patients had vascular injuries. Trauma surgeons treated a significant portion of them; using less resources and achieving similar outcomes in select patients when compared with vascular surgeons.