L’aripiprazole est un antipsychotique atypique avec un profil pharmacologique différent des autres antipsychotiques de seconde génération. Il présente une forte affinité pour les récepteurs dopaminergiques D2 et D3 et sérotoninergiques 5HT1A et 5HT2 ainsi qu’une bonne tolérance extrapyramidale. Nous rapportons ici le cas d’une patiente présentant une schizophrénie paranoïde ayant développé un syndrome parkinsonien après un mois de traitement par aripiprazole à 10mg/j sans prescription associée hormis du diazépam à faible posologie. Le syndrome parkinsonien s’est complètement amendé en quelques jours après diminution de la posologie d’aripiprazole à 5mg/j. Peu de cas de syndromes parkinsoniens sous aripiprazole ont été décrits dans la littérature, notamment chez l’adulte et sans prescrition associée d’antidépresseurs inhibiteurs spécifiques de la recapture de la sérotonine ou inhibiteurs de la recapture de la sérotonine et de la noradrénaline. L’hypothèse étiologique proposée ici serait l’implication majeure du cytochrome P450 2D6 dans le métabolisme de l’aripiprazole et de la rispéridone et la possibilité que la patiente soit un métaboliseur lent du cytochrome P450 2D6, ce qui expliquerait la régression complète du syndrome parkinsonien après réduction de la posologie d’aripiprazole.

Aripiprazole is an atypical antipsychotic with a pharmacological profile, different from other atypical antipsychotics. It is a high-affinity partial agonist at the dopamine D2 and serotonin 5-HT1A receptors and an antagonist at serotonin 5-HT2 receptors. It is associated with a good safety and tolerability profile including extrapyramidal side-effects.

We report on a 37year-old female patient with paranoid schizophrenia who developed Parkinsonian symptoms after one month of aripiprazole 10mg per day. She had been admitted to our unit for a psychotic episode with delusions of persecution and grandiosity. It was her second hospitalization. During the first hospitalization, seven years earlier, she had been treated with haloperidol. We do not have any information about the tolerability of that treatment.

At the start, she received olanzapine with good tolerability but without efficacy on psychotic symptoms. After 4weeks, we switched from olanzapine to risperidone 6mg per day. After a few days, the patient developed severe Parkinsonian symptoms. We reduced the dose to 4mg per day without any effect on the extrapyramidal symptoms.We decided to discontinue risperidone and to introduce aripiprazole 10mg per day. After one month, the patient developed severe Parkinsonian symptoms including hypertonia, akinesia, and shuffling gait. After reduction of the dose of Aripiprazole to 5mg per day, all the Parkinsonian symptoms had disappeared within 5days without any other medication.

Few reports of Parkinsonian symptoms with aripiprazole have been published in the adult population. There is one report of Parkinsonian symptoms, associated with hypersalivation without akathisia, in a patient treated with 30mg per day of aripiprazole. All the symptoms disappeared after a switch to olanzapine. The other cases have been reported when aripiprazole was associated with anti-depressant serotonin specific reuptake inhibitors or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors.

One report has been published of a 16year-old girl who had already developed extrapyramidal symptoms with olanzapine and risperidone. Another has been published concerning a 3year-old child who had taken a half tablet of aripiprazole 15mg.

We hypothesise that cytochrome P450 2D6 is implicated in this case-report because it is active in metabolizing aripiprazole. This patient could have been deficient in this enzyme, thus failing to metabolize aripiprazole at a normal rate.